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大要理问答22
22问 全人類都在亞當的首次犯罪中墮落了嗎？
王志勇版
十六．亞當的代表性
22問：全人類都在亞當的首次犯罪中墮落了嗎？
答：因為上帝與亞當立約的時候，亞當作為眾人的代表，不僅是為自己，也 是為他的後裔立約，所以那藉常例而生，由他傳下的全人類（徒17:26），都在他裡面犯了 罪，在他的首次犯罪中與他一同墮落了（創2:16－17；羅5:12－20；林前15:21－22）。
吕沛渊版
問：在亞當最初的過犯中，全人類是否都墮落了？
答：因為亞當是全人類的代表，所以，上帝與亞當所立的約，不只是為亞當自己，也是為了從他而出的所有後裔。因此，在亞當最初的過犯中，眾人都在他裡面與他一同犯罪，一同墮落了。
OPC版
Q. 22. Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?
A. The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression.
CCEL版
Question 22: Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?
Answer: The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression.
CRTA版
Q. 22. Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?
A. The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation,[89] sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression.[90]
证明经文
徒17:26 他从一本造出万族的人(“本”有古卷作“血脉”)，住在全地上，并且预先定准他们的年限和所住的疆界
创2:16-17 耶和华 神吩咐他说：“园中各样树上的果子，你可以随意吃； 只是分别善恶树上的果子，你不可吃，因为你吃的日子必定死！”
罗5:12-20 这就如罪是从一人入了世界，死又是从罪来的；于是死就临到众人，因为众人都犯了罪。没有律法之先，罪已经在世上；但没有律法，罪也不算罪。然而从亚当到摩西，死就作了王，连那些不与亚当犯一样罪过的，也在他的权下。亚当乃是那以后要来之人的预像。只是过犯不如恩赐。若因一人的过犯，众人都死了，何况 神的恩典，与那因耶稣基督一人恩典中的赏赐，岂不更加倍地临到众人吗？因一人犯罪就定罪，也不如恩赐。原来审判是由一人而定罪，恩赐乃是由许多过犯而称义。若因一人的过犯，死就因这一人作了王；何况那些受洪恩又蒙所赐之义的，岂不更要因耶稣基督一人在生命中作王吗？如此说来，因一次的过犯，众人都被定罪；照样，因一次的义行，众人也就被称义得生命了。因一人的悖逆，众人成为罪人；照样，因一人的顺从，众人也成为义了。律法本是外添的，叫过犯显多；只是罪在哪里显多，恩典就更显多了。
林前15:21-22 死既是因一人而来，死人复活也是因一人而来。 在亚当里众人都死了；照样，在基督里众人也都要复活。
Proof Scripture Verses
[89] Acts 17:26. And hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell on all the face of the earth, and hath determined the times before appointed, and the bounds of their habitation.
[90] Genesis 2:16-17. And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat: But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die. Romans 5:12-20. Wherefore, as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned: (For until the law sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come. But not as the offence, so also is the free gift. For if through the offence of one many be dead, much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, hath abounded unto many. And not as it was by one that sinned, so is the gift: for the judgment was by one to condemnation, but the free gift is of many offences unto justification. For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.) Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sin abounded, grace did much more abound. 1 Corinthians 15:21-22. For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.
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